Some solvents including chloroform and benzene (an ingredient of gasoline) are carcinogenic. Inorganic solvents are used in research chemistry and in a few technological processes. hexane, petrol ether), in detergents (citrus terpenes), in perfumes ( ethanol), and in chemical syntheses. toluene, turpentine), as nail polish removers and glue solvents ( acetone, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate), in spot removers (e.g. tetrachloroethylene), as paint thinners (e.g. The solubility is the maximal amount of compound that is soluble in a certain volume of solvent at a specified temperature.Ĭommon uses for organic solvents are in dry cleaning (e.g.
The concentration of a solution is the amount of compound that is dissolved in a certain volume of solvent. Solvents are usually clear and colorless liquids and many have a characteristic smell. Solvents can also be used to extract soluble compounds from a mixture, the most common example is the brewing of coffee or tea with hot water. Solvents should therefore not react chemically with the dissolved compounds - they have to be inert. Solvents usually have a low boiling point and evaporate easily or can be removed by distillation, thereby leaving the dissolved substance behind. Most other commonly-used solvents are organic ( carbon-containing) chemicals. The most common solvent in everyday life is water. A solvent is usually a liquid, but can also be a solid or gas. The English Wiktionary has a dictionary definition (meanings of a word) for: solventĪ solvent is a substance that becomes a solution by dissolving a solid, liquid, or gaseous solute.
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